Resource-aware Research on Universe and Matter: Call-to-Action in Digital Transformation

Given the urgency to reduce fossil fuel energy production to make climate tipping points less likely, we call for resource-aware knowledge gain in the research areas on Universe and Matter with emphasis on the digital transformation. A portfolio of measures is described in detail and then summarized according to the timescales required for their implementation. The measures will both contribute to sustainable research and accelerate scientific progress through increased awareness of resource usage. This work is based on a three-days workshop on sustainability in digital transformation held in May 2023.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, publication following workshop 'Sustainability in the Digital Transformation of Basic Research on Universe & Matter', 30 May to 2 June 2023, Meinerzhagen, Germany, https://indico.desy.de/event/3748

Higgs Boson Mass Reconstruction Using Neural Network Approaches for ttH and tH Analyses

In 1964, the Higgs mechanism predicted a scalar boson: the Higgs boson. This particle was discovered at the LHC by the ATLAS and CMS Collaboration in 2012, completing the list of predicted particles in the Standard Model of particle physics. Since the Higgs boson is the latest discovered particle, it is especially important to analyze its properties. Hence, the top quark Yukawa coupling YtSM is of importance and one of the focal points of Higgs analysis. Moreover, the top quark is by far the heaviest quark and therefore a potential candidate to show a deviation from theory. ThetopquarkYukawacouplingcanbemeasuredintwoways. First, itcanbeobservedintopquarkpairproduction in association with a Higgs boson ttH {1}. Second, it can be examined by analysis of single top production in association with a Higgs boson (Figure 1)

Resource-aware Research on Universe and Matter: Call-to-Action in Digital Transformation

Given the urgency to reduce fossil fuel energy production to make climate tipping points less likely, we call for resource-aware knowledge gain in the research areas on Universe and Matter with emphasis on the digital transformation. A portfolio of measures is described in detail and then summarized according to the timescales required for their implementation. The measures will both contribute to sustainable research and accelerate scientific progress through increased awareness of resource usage. This work is based on a three-days workshop on sustainability in digital transformation held in May 2023

Prenatal and nutritional influences on skeletal development: lessons from animal studies

It is now well established that the onset of adult diseases such as heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes and hypertension are linked to an adverse uterine growth environment, in particular through maternal nutrition, during development of the individual. The geographical distribution of the incidence rate of heart disease is similar to that of osteoporosis. This may indicate a link between maternal nutrition during pregnancy and the subsequent risk of developing osteoporosis in the offspring. This review summarises what we know to date, from animal models, about maternal nutrition and the subsequent alterations in the offspring’s skeletal structure